Teaching Listening

Before planning the lessons for listening classroom instruction, it is important to discuss several types of spoken language. Nunan (1991) suggested a diagram to differenciate types of oral language as follows;

1.    Monologue

In monologue the listener does not require to respond to  message. It is also called an informational listening. This is where information is communicated to the listener. Monologue can be planned such as speech, news report, weather forecast or other prewritten material or unplanned such as description of something, emergency announcement etc. Monologues are example of one way communication. The speaker usually uses spoken language for any length of time, as in speeches, lectures, news etc. The stream of the speech will go on whether or not the listeners comprehend.

2.    Dialogue

Dialogue involves two or more speakers and can be subdivided into those which exchange expressions that promote social relationship (interpersonal) and those which purpose is to convey propositional or factual information (transactional). Both types of dialogues can be between or among familiar people or unfamiliar.

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